Gyratory crusher



April 15, 1930- J. E. KENNEDY 1,754,895

A GYRATORY CRUSHER INVENTOR I5 kennen( Patented Apr. 5, 1.930

u UNITED STATES JOSETH E. KENNEDY, F NEW' YORK, N. Y.

GYRATORY CRUSHER Application led Januaryl, 1928. Serial No. 248,339.

This invention relates to gyratory Crushers wherein a conical crushing head is fixed to a shaft supported at one end in the Crusher frame concentric of a concave and the crushing surface of the concave is arranged in spaced and opposed relation to the crushing surface of the head, the shaft for the crushing head also being eccentrically vmounted at the end opposite to its support in a bearing l@ mounted in the crusher frame concentrically of the concave. l

ln Crushers of this character as heretofore constructed the crushing headf and concave are arranged in fixed spaced variable relal5 tion one to the other and should an uncrushable article or object, such as apiece of steel, be delivered to the space between the head and concave and such article be of a size too large to pass from between the concave and head, such article as the head is gyrated will exert a force upon the head in a lateral direction which is transmitted to the head carrying shaft and exert a bending stress upon the shaft which results in the breaking of the shaft necessitating the taking down of the crusher and the substituting of a Crusher head carrying shaft.

lit is the object of the present invention to overcome this disadvantage in crushers of this character by providing means for supporting the erusherhead carrying shaft to have axial movement in the Crusher frame andV to yieldingly urge theshaft' to position with the crushing head in predetermined relation to the concave and arranged to resist the movement of the shaft with the crushing head by a predetermined pressure thereon, but permit of axial movement of the shaft with the head away from the concave by a force exerted on the head exceeding such predetermined pressure, and to provide means for this purpose which are simple in structure and eflicient in use.

In the drawing accompanying and forming a part of this application Figure l is a longitudinal sectional view of a gyratory Crusher illustrating an embodiment of myinvention,

the parts being shown in normal crushingv position. Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of 'of the upper portion of the Crusher shown in the upper'portion of the crusher shown in Figure 1, and showing the parts in a posit-ion they will assume by a force applied to the crushing head in excess of a normal predetermined crushing pressure'.

Figure 3 is a plan view of the means for suplporting the crushing head carrying shaft; an

Figure 4 is an elevational view in section d@ Figure l and showing a modified arrangement of the supporting means for the crushing head carrying shaft.

ln the embodiment of the invention illustrated in the drawing the operative mechanism of the crusher is supported upon a suitable frame comprising a main vframe or sup porting base member 4 arranged to be supported upon a suitable foundation. An annular shell or chamber 5, termed a concave, is mounted upon the base and is arranged with sections b' of wear resisting material, such as manganese steel, upon the inner surface. Ilfhis chamber may be of circular form as shown, or as commonly made of inverted truncated cone shape. rlFhe concave- 5 is mounted upon the base member a 1n interposed relation between the basemember and a spider 7 by headed tie rods or bolts 8 passed through openings in a dange of the spider, flanges at the top and bottom of the concave, and a Hange at the top of the base member. A shaft 9 is extended through an opening 1n a hub 10 of the spider and arranged axially of the longitudinal axis of the Crusher and concentric of the concave 5. The shaft is supported from the spider hub by a ring ll in which the shaft is loosely engagedrand seated in a bearing member and bushing, as at 12, in an enlarged portion of the opening in the spider hub at the outer side thereof. The wall of the opening in the bearing is slightly tapered or of conical for'm with the portion of greater diameter at the bottom to pei-init 95 of lateral movement of the ring 11 with the shaft.- A flanged collar 13 loosely on the shaft engages the supporting ring 11 and yieldingly supports the shaft from the supporting ring' through a second flanged col- 100 lar 14 also loose on the shaft with a series of springs, shown as compound coiled springs 15, interposed between the flanges of the collars 13, 14 and disposed about the shaft 9, as shown in Figure 3, the shaft 12 being yieldingly suspended by the springs through the medium of a nut 16 threaded onto the shaft at the outer side of the collar 14 and secured against rotation by keys 17. It will be obvious that by this arrangement of shaft support that the shaft is normally supported on the ring 11 by the collar 13 through the collar 14 and interposed springs 15 and urged to and held in position with a crushing head 17 of truncated conical form fixed on said shaft in predetermined relation to and within the concave, the shaft and its yielding supporting means serving as a carrier for the P crushing head. The springs serve as a yielding connection between the Crusher frame and head carrying shaft, and exert a yielding force upon the shaft to resist movement thereof axially by a predetermined crushing pressure thereon, and will permit of axial movement of the shaft with the head in a direction away from the concave or down- Ward by a force exerted on the head exceeding such predetermined crushing pressure. To place the springs 15 under compression or tension and position them between the collar flanges, and to also limit the movement of the shaft-relative to the supporting collar 13 headed tie rods 18 are extende'dthrough alined perforations in the collar flanges and the springs with the heads engaging the flange of one collar, iii the present instance the collar 13, and nuts 19 threaded onto the ends projecting beyond the flange of the other collar.

The crushing head 17 is also provided with a wear resisting surface, comprising a mantel of manganese steel 2O mounted upon and secured to the head to form a unit therewithin a manner well known 'in the art. The head is mounted on a conical portion 9 of the shaft 9 and is secured against longitudinal displacement othe shaft by an arrangement of lock nuts, as shown at 21.

The crushing head carrying shaft is mounted at the end opposite to that at which it is supported to have axial sliding and lateral movement in a bearing member 22 which may be constructed integral with the base plate of the base member 4 ywith portions to extend above and below said base plate, but it is preferably constructed separately to facilitate machining and mounted in an opening in the base plate. The shaft is mounted in said bearing b a bushing 23 rotatably mounted in the bearing axially of the crusher, said bushing having a bore eccentrically therethrough and arranged with an intermediate globular bearing face 24 for bearing engagement with a corresponding- 1y formed ball portion on a sleeve 25 in which the shaft is directly engaged. To mount the sleeve 25 in the bearing the bushing is constructed of longitudinal split sections releasably secured together. The shaft carrying head is gyrated through the rotation of the bushing 23, the bushing being rotated by suitable means and shown as comprising a driver in the form of a pulley 26 rotatably mounted on the bearing member 22 below the base plate of the frame structure and supported thereon independently of the bushing by a ring 27 having a bayonet joint connection with the bearing member, as at 28, the bushing being operatively connected With the pulley by lag screws 29 engaged in perforations in a flange 30 extending laterally from the end of the bushing and overlaping a flange extending laterally from the hub of the pulley. By this arrangement the bushing and the pulley may be readily removed for the renewal of the same without dismantling the entire crusher. Furthermore, by the arrangement of the mounting of the shaft by the sleeve 25 the shaft is permitted to have axial movement and also angular movement to compensate for angular positions of the shaft as it is gyrated through the eccentric movement thereof in the bushing by the rotation of the latter.

It will be obvious that by the construction and arrangement described that the shaft with the crushing head 17 is normally urged by the springs 15 axially in one direction and held in position with the crushing head in predetermined relation to the concave member or crushing chamber, and the tension of the springs is such that they will resist the movement of the shaft with the crushing head axially in the opposite direction by a predetermined crushing presssure applied to the crushing head, but that said shaft and the crushing head may have axial movement in a direction opposite to that in which it is urged by the force of the springs by a force exerted on the crushing head which will exceed such predetermined crushing pressure, and that the extent of such movement of the shaft will be varied in proportion with variations in the force of such excessive pressure.

This pressure in excess of a predetermined crushing pressure may be variously induced, as by the accidental delivery of an uncrushable object or article, such as a piece of steel or the like into the space between the crushing surfaces of the concave and of the crushing head. This excessive pressure in crushers as heretofore constructed would exert a lateral thrust upon the crushing head which was transmitted to the head carrying shaft as a bending stress resulting in the breaking of the same. However, by the present arrangement of mounting said shaft to have yielding axial movement such excessive pressures applied as a lateral thrust to the crushing head due to the conical form and gyrallO tor movement of the head is transmitted as a t rust in a direction longitudinally of the head and thereby moving the head with the shaft in an axial direction and to such an extent as to space the head a distance sufficiently from the crushing surface of the concave to release such article.

In. Figure 4 I have shown a modified arrangement of the yielding supporting means for the crushing head carrying shaft 9. In this arrangement two series of the supporting springs are utilized one series being arrange above the other with a s ring seating collar 32 interposed between t e two series vof springs and slidable on the shaft, the tie rods 18 being extended through perforations in said collar. This arrangement of spring support will function in the same manner as described in connection with the supporting means shown in Figures l and 2 with the exception that the shaft and crushing head will be permitted to have a movement of greater extend relative to the concave.

It will be obvious that various modifications may be made in construction and ar` claim dfi l. In a gyratory crusher, a concave, a crushing head mounted to have gyratory movement and movement in an axial direction and laterallyof the axis of the crusher, and yielding means to suspend said crushing head and urge the head with a predetermined yielding force and constituting a crushing pressure in predetermined position relative to the concave and permit of movement of said head against such yielding force axially and laterally of the crusher axis by a force applied thereto exceeding such predetermined crushing pressure.

2. In a gyratory Crusher, a frame, a concave lixedly mounted in the frame, a crushing head, a shaft on which said head is fixed mounted in the frame to have gyratory movement and movement with the head in an axial direction `and laterally of its axis, and means interposed between the shaft and frame to suspend the shaft with the head and exert la yielding force upon said frame and shaft to urge the shaft with the head tov position axially of the frame and axially in one direction and hold it against movement in the opposite direction with the head in predetermined spaced and opposed .relation to the concave and permit of axial and lateral movement of said shaft with the head against the force of said yielding means by a force applied to the head exceeding the crushing pressure.

concave and urge the carrier with the head in one direction to predetermined position relative to the concave and permit of move'- ment of the carrier with the head laterally and axially in the opposite direction.

4. In a gyratory Crusher, a frame, a concave fixed in the frame concentric of the axis thereof, a shaft, means to mount said shaft in the frame eccentric-concentric of the concave, means to yieldingly suspend said shaft and normally urge the shaft to position concentric with the axis of the frame and longitudinally in one direction to a predetermined position and permit of yielding movement of the shaft laterally of the axis of the frame and longitudinally in the opposite direction, a head fixed to said shaft within the concave, and means to impart gyrtory movement to said shaft With the 5. In a gyratory Crusher, a fixed concave, a head mounted eccentricallyconcentrically of the concave and to have lateral and axial movement, means to yieldingly suspend and urge the head to position axially of the crusher and axially in one direction to predeterthe support with the head in the frame ecy centric-concentric of the concave and to have lateral and longitudinal movement, and means to yieldingly suspend and urge the support with the head to position axially of of the crusher and longitudinally in one direction with the head in predetermined position relativeI to the concave and permit of yielding movement of the support and head laterally of the axis of the crusher and longitudinally in the opposite direction, and means to gyrate said support with the head.

7. In gyratory Crusher, a frame, a concave fixedly mounted in the frame, a shaft, a head fixed to` said shaft, means to mount the shaft in the frame eccentric-concentric of the axis of the frame, means to yieldingly urge said shaft to position axially of the frame and axially in one direction and hold the same with the head in predetermined spaced position relative to the concave, and means to gyrate said shaft and head, said shaft with the head being adapted to be moved laterally and axially in the opposite direction against the force of said yielding means by a force exerted on the head from the gyratory movement of the head acting on an object wedged between the head and concave.

8. A gyratory Crusher as claimed in claim ila' 7, wherein the means to yieldingly suspend the head carrying shaft and permit of the yielding movement of the shaft with the cad, comprises a pair of flanged collars loose on the shaft with one collar engaging the frame, a nut threaded onto the shaft in abutting relation to the other collar, and springs interposed between said collars.

9. A gyratory crusher as claimed in claim 7, wherein the means to yieldingly suspend the head carrying shaft in the frame to permit of the yielding movement of the shaft with the head, comprises a ring seated in the frame and in which ring the shaft is loosely engaged, a pair of flanged collars loose on the shaft with one collar engaging the ring, a nut threaded onto the shaft in abutting relation to the other collar, springs interposed between the flanges of said collars to exert a spreading force thereon to move one collar with the shaft relative to the other collar, and tie rods extended through erforations in the collars -to compress an position the springs and limit the movement of the one collar with the shaft relative to the other collar.

10. A gyratory Crusher as claimed in claim 7, wherein the means to yieldingly suspend the head carrying shaft concentric of the concave is arranged at one end of the shaft, and means to mount the shaft at the opposite end eccentrically in the frame and permit of axial and lateral movement of the shaft.

11. A gyratory crusher as claimed in claim 7, wherein the means to yieldingly suspend the head carrying shaft concentrically of the concave is arranged at one end of the shaft, and the means to gyrate said shaft with the head comprises a bushing rotatably mounted in the frame concentric with the axis of the frame and in which the shaft is eccentrically mounted and to have sliding and lateral movement.

12. A gyratory Crusher as claimed in claim 7, wherein the means to yieldingly suspend the head carrying shaft in the frame concentrically of the concave is arranged at one end of the shaft, and the means to gyrate said shaft with the head comprises a bushing rotatably mounted in a bearing in the frame concentrically of the concave and in which the shaft is eccentrically mounted and to have sliding and lateral movement at the opposite end, a driver rotatably mounted on the bearing for the bushing, and means to operatively connect the bushingwith and support the bushing in the bearing from said driver.

13. In a gyratory Crusher, a concave, a crushing head, a carrier upon which the head is fixedly mounted concentrically of the concave and to have axial and lateral movement, means to gyrate said carrier with Vthe head, and means to yieldinglysuspend and urge said head carrier against axial movement in one direction with the head in predetermined position relative to the concave, said holding means bein adapted to permit of axial movement of t e head with its carrier in response to a force thereon exceeding the normal crushing pressure.

14. In a gyratory Crusher, a frame, a concave ixedly mounted in the frame, a crushing head, a carrier for said head mounted in the frame to have axial and lateral movement with the head, means to gyrate said carrier with the head, and springs for yieldingly suspending the carrier in the frame and position the carrier with the head in predetermined relation to the concave, said springs being adapted to resist the movement of the carrier axially and laterally by the force of a predetermined crushing pressure exerted on the head and permit of axial and lateral movement of the carrier with the head in a direction against the force of said springs by a force exerted on the head exceeding said predetermined crushing pressure.

Signed at the city of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York this 12th day of Januar 1928.

JOSEP E. KENNEDY. 

